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Reference Fact Sheet
Project Description
Filtered water capacity 4,800 m³/d:1,680 m³/d (phase 1);additional 3,120 m³/d (phase 2)
Brownfield EPC
Modification of pre-treatment process steps, replacement of pressurized polymeric ultrafiltration
Location: South Africa
In operation since 01/2020
Process Chain
Lime dosage for precipitation of calcium and magnesium for hardness reduction (lime softening)
Blended feed water source from municipality and borehole
No settling of precipitants – direct transfer to filtration tanks
Activated carbon filters for dechlorination
UV system
Process Flow Diagram
Performance Data
The feed water is a blend of municipal and borehole water. Both water streams have different properties. The overall blending ratio is dependent on water availability and quality. Sudden and strong peak events have led to the damage of the previously installed polymeric membrane system.
CERAFILTEC’s softening filtration process enables operation even with high varying water properties. A small amount of lime is currently being dosed to reach a pH of about 9.6 to reduce calcium hardness only. During peak events, lime is overdosed to reach a pH of about 10.5 to additionally reduce magnesium hardness. In this case, the pH is subsequently adjusted to about 9.6 prior to the ceramic filtration to ensure stable long-term operation.
Regardless of the total hardness level and lime dosing requirements, all precipitants are directly transferred to the ceramic flat sheet membrane without settling step in between.
